Non-native plants this species can replace:
- Italian arum (Arum italicum)
Common Name
Sessile trillium
Toadshade
Toad trillium
Plant Form
Herbs
Duration
Perennial
Max Height (ft)
1.0
Width (ft)
0.5 -
1.0
Growth Rate
Slow
Region
Coastal
Piedmont
Mountain
Hardiness Zone
5,
6,
7,
8
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Habitat
Rich floodplain forests, rich mesic cove and slope forests, especially along the larger rivers. Infrequent to locally common in the Virginia Piedmont and northwestern and west-central mountains (Ridge and Valley region); rare in the Coastal Plain; absent from the southwestern mountains
Wildlife value
Attracts beetles and flies for pollination. Small mammals will eat the fruits
Gardening tips
The plant prefers humus-rich moist well-drained soils in part to full shade and will spread by rhizomes to form clumps over time. It is usually dormant by mid-summer, especially if the soil dries out
Poisonous to Humans:
Poison Severity:
Low
Poison Symptoms:
Unknown
Causes Contact Dermatitis:
No
Poison Part:
Fruits, Roots
Flower Color
Brown/Copper
Green
Purple/lavender
Flower Prominence
Conspicuous
Bloom Time
Spring
Bloom Month
April
May
Light Requirements
Partial sun
Shade
Moisture Requirements
Moist
Average
Soil Texture
High organic matter
Pollinators
Bees