| Agrostis hyemalis |
Winter bentgrass, Ticklegrass |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank |
Poor soil |
| Alnus serrulata |
Hazel alder, Smooth alder |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Erosion control, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Fire, Heat, Soil compaction, Some foot traffic, Wet conditions |
| Amelanchier arborea |
Downy serviceberry, Shadbush |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Barrier, Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Flowering tree, Garden for the blind, Lawn, Mass planting, Meadows, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Rock garden, Shade Tree, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Understory tree, Walkways, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Amelanchier laevis |
Smooth serviceberry, Allegheny serviceberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Edible garden, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Lawn, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Shade Tree, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Streetside planting, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Salt, Urban environments |
| Amorpha fruticosa |
False indigo-bush, Tall indigo-bush |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Barrier, Border, Butterfly garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Arisaema dracontium |
Green dragon |
Herbs |
Rain garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Arnoglossum atriplicifolium |
Pale indian-plantain |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Heat |
| Asclepias tuberosa |
Butterfly milkweed, Butterfly weed, Butterfly-weed, Common butterfly weed, Common butterfly-weed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
Dry soils, drought, Salt |
| Baptisia australis |
Blue false indigo, Blue wild indigo, False blue indigo |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Fire, Poor soil |
| Carex lurida |
Sallow sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Castanea pumila |
Allegheny chinkapin, Allegheny chinquapin |
Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Lawn, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat |
| Cornus racemosa |
Gray dogwood |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Fall colors, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Urban environments, Wet conditions |
| Cunila origanoides |
Common dittany, Wild oregano, Stonemint |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Edible garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Dennstaedtia punctilobula |
Hay-scented fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Fragrant garden, Mass planting, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Salt |
| Equisetum praealtum |
Tall scouring rush |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Barrier, Border, Container garden, Meadows, Patio, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Erythronium americanum |
Yellow trout lily, American trout lily |
Herbs |
Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Eubotrys racemosus |
Fetterbush, Swamp dog-hobble |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Eupatorium altissimum |
Tall thoroughwort, Tall boneset |
Herbs |
Border, Drought tolerant garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Eupatorium hyssopifolium |
Hyssop-leaf thoroughwort |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Urban environments |
| Euphorbia corollata |
Flowering spurge |
Herbs |
Border, Drought tolerant garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Gaylussacia baccata |
Black huckleberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Drought tolerant garden, Edible garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Gillenia trifoliata |
Bowman's-root, Bowman’s root, Mountain indian-physic |
Herbs |
Border, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Specimen |
|
| Heuchera americana |
Alumroot, American alumroot, Coral bells, Rock geranium |
Herbs |
Border, Container garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Hydrangea arborescens |
Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Erosion control, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Fire, Salt |
| Lespedeza capitata |
Round-headed lespedeza, Round-headed bush-clover |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Lobelia spicata |
Pale-spike lobelia, Pale spiked lobelia |
Herbs |
Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Lonicera sempervirens |
Trumpet honeysuckle, Coral honeysuckle |
Vines |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen |
Allelopathic plants, Salt, Soil compaction |
| Maianthemum canadense |
Canada mayflower, False lily-of-the-valley |
Herbs |
Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Heat |
| Matelea carolinensis |
Carolina milkvine |
Vines |
Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Micranthes virginiensis |
Early saxifrage |
Herbs |
Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Specimen |
Dry soils, drought, Soil compaction |
| Monarda didyma |
Scarlet beebalm, Oswego tea |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Specimen, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions |
| Muhlenbergia schreberi |
Nimblewill |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Erosion control, Lawn, Mass planting, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Oenothera fruticosa |
Narrow-leaf sundrops, Southern sundrops |
Herbs |
Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat, Poor soil |
| Opuntia humifusa |
Eastern prickly-pear, Eastern prickly-pear cactus |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Edible garden, Meadows, Reptiles, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat, Salt |
| Penstemon canescens |
Eastern gray beard-tongue, Gray beard-tongue |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Penstemon digitalis |
|
|
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Penstemon hirsutus |
Hairy beard-tongue |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
|
| Phlox subulata |
Moss phlox, Moss-pink |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Air pollution, Dry soils, drought, Fire, Poor soil, Salt |
| Physocarpus opulifolius |
Ninebark, Common ninebark, Eastern ninebark |
Herbs |
Barrier, Border, Butterfly garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Lawn, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Polystichum acrostichoides |
Christmas fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Container garden, Mass planting, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Fire |
| Pycnanthemum virginianum |
Virginia mountain-mint |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Poor soil |
| Quercus velutina |
Black oak |
Large Trees |
Drought tolerant garden, Lawn, Meadows, Shade Tree, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streetside planting |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Rhus aromatica |
Fragrant sumac |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Rhus copallinum |
Winged sumac, Flameleaf sumac, Shining sumac |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Hedges, privacy screening, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Fire, Poor soil |
| Rhus glabra |
Smooth sumac |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Hedges, privacy screening, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Fire, Heat |
| Rudbeckia hirta |
Gloriosa daisy, Black eyed susan, Black-eyed susan |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Erosion control, Low growing, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Seeds and nuts, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streetside planting |
Dry soils, drought, Salt, Some foot traffic |
| Sassafras albidum |
Sassafras, Cinnamon wood |
Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Flowering tree, Garden for the blind, Hedges, privacy screening, Lawn, Mass planting, Meadows, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Understory tree, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Heat |
| Sedum ternatum |
Wild stonecrop, Woodland stonecrop |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Symphyotrichum cordifolium |
Blue wood aster, Heart-leaved aster |
Herbs |
Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Symplocarpus foetidus |
Skunk cabbage |
Herbs |
Container garden, Meadows, Rain garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest |
Wet conditions |
| Vernonia glauca |
Upland ironweed, Broad-leaf ironweed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Viola pedata |
Bird's foot violet, Bird's-foot violet, Birdfoot violet |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Fire |
| Vitis riparia |
Riverbank grape |
Vines |
Edible garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Asclepias incarnata |
Swamp milkweed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Anatherum ternarium |
Splitbeard bluestem, Silvery bluestem |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Winter interest |
Dry soils, drought |