| Actaea racemosa |
Common black cohosh, Bugbane |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Ageratina altissima |
White snakeroot |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Allium cernuum |
Nodding onion |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Amelanchier canadensis |
Canadian serviceberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Lawn, Mass planting, Patio, Rain garden, Shade garden, Shade Tree, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Fire, Wet conditions |
| Amelanchier laevis |
Smooth serviceberry, Allegheny serviceberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Edible garden, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Lawn, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Shade Tree, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Streetside planting, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Salt, Urban environments |
| Amorpha fruticosa |
False indigo-bush, Tall indigo-bush |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Barrier, Border, Butterfly garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Anatherum virginicum var. virginicum |
Broomsedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Barrier, Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Specimen |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Antennaria neglecta |
Field pussytoes |
Herbs |
Border, Mass planting, Rock garden |
Dry soils, drought |
| Aquilegia canadensis |
Eastern red columbine, Wild columbine |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Arnoglossum atriplicifolium |
Pale indian-plantain |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Heat |
| Aronia arbutifolia |
Red chokeberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest |
Fire, Wet conditions |
| Aronia melanocarpa |
Black chokeberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Erosion control, Fall colors, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streetside planting |
Salt, Soil compaction, Wet conditions |
| Aruncus dioicus var. dioicus |
Goat's-beard, Goatsbeard |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Asclepias tuberosa |
Butterfly milkweed, Butterfly weed, Butterfly-weed, Common butterfly weed, Common butterfly-weed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
Dry soils, drought, Salt |
| Asclepias variegata |
White milkweed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden |
Dry soils, drought |
| Asclepias verticillata |
Whorled milkweed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Baptisia australis |
Blue false indigo, Blue wild indigo, False blue indigo |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Fire, Poor soil |
| Baptisia tinctoria |
Yellow wild indigo, Horsefly weed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Specimen, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Benthamidia florida |
|
|
Border, Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Flowering tree, Mass planting, Patio, Pollinator garden, Shade Tree, Songbirds, Specimen, Specimen, Understory tree, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Fire, Soil compaction, Wind |
| Boehmeria cylindrica |
False nettle |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Carex flaccosperma |
Thin-fruited sedge, Meadow sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Rock garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Carex grayi |
Gray's sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Carex lurida |
Sallow sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Carex normalis |
Greater straw sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Mass planting, Rain garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Carex plantaginea |
Plantain-leaved sedge, Plantainleaf sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Rock garden, Shade garden, Songbirds |
Wet conditions |
| Carex platyphylla |
Broad-leaved sedge |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Rock garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Cercis canadensis |
Eastern redbud |
Medium Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Edible garden, Fall colors, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Lawn, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade Tree, Specimen, Streetside planting, Understory tree, Woodlands and woods edge |
Acidic soils, Alkaline soils, Allelopathic plants, Soil compaction |
| Chasmanthium latifolium |
River oats, Indian wood oats, Inland sea oats, Wild oats, Wood-oat, Northern sea oats |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Seeds and nuts, Shade garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Chasmanthium laxum |
Slender spikegrass |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Rain garden, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Chelone glabra |
White turtlehead |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Chrysogonum virginianum |
Green and gold |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Walkways, Woodlands and woods edge |
Fire |
| Chrysopsis mariana |
Maryland golden-aster, Maryland golden aster |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Clematis ochroleuca |
Curlyheads |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Clitoria mariana |
Maryland butterfly pea |
Herbs |
Border, Pollinator garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Conoclinium coelestinum |
Mistflower, Ageratum, Blue boneset, Blue mistflower, Wild ageratum |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Fire, Wet conditions |
| Coreopsis tripteris |
Tall coreopsis, Tall tickseed |
Herbs |
Border, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Coreopsis verticillata |
Whorled coreopsis, Thread-leaf coreopsis |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rooftops, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Salt |
| Cornus florida |
Flowering dogwood |
Medium Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Fall colors, Flowering tree, Lawn, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Shade Tree, Songbirds, Specimen, Understory tree, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Fire, Soil compaction, Wind |
| Cornus racemosa |
Gray dogwood |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Fall colors, Flowering tree, Hedges, privacy screening, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Urban environments, Wet conditions |
| Corylus americana |
American hazelnut, American filbert |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Edible garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Crataegus phaenopyrum |
Washington hawthorn |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Edible garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Lawn, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Streetside planting, Winter interest |
Air pollution, Dry soils, drought, Fire, Heat, Urban environments |
| Doellingeria umbellata |
Flat-top white aster, Parasol whitetop, Flat-topped white aster, Parasol white-top, Tall white-aster |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Dryopteris goldieana |
Goldie's wood fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Border, Mass planting, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Dryopteris marginalis |
Marginal wood fern, Evergreen wood fern, Evergreen wood-fern, Evergreen woodfern, Leather wood fern, Marginal shield fern, Marginal shield-fern, Marginal woodfern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Border, Container garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Songbirds, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Equisetum praealtum |
Tall scouring rush |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Barrier, Border, Container garden, Meadows, Patio, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Eragrostis spectabilis |
Purple lovegrass, Tumblegrass |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Border, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Rain garden, Songbirds |
Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Heat, Poor soil, Salt, Some foot traffic |
| Erigeron philadelphicus var. philadelphicus |
Philadelphia fleabane |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rock garden |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Salt |
| Erigeron pulchellus |
Robin's plantain |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Eryngium aquaticum |
Rattlesnake-master, Marsh eryngo |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Eryngium yuccifolium |
Beargrass, Rattlesnake-master, Northern rattlesnake-master, Button eryngo |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Eupatorium altissimum |
Tall thoroughwort, Tall boneset |
Herbs |
Border, Drought tolerant garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Eupatorium capillifolium |
Dog-fennel |
Herbs |
Border, Meadows, Rain garden, Rock garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Eupatorium perfoliatum |
Boneset, Common boneset |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Euphorbia corollata |
Flowering spurge |
Herbs |
Border, Drought tolerant garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Eurybia divaricata |
White wood aster |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Pollinator garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Eutrochium dubium |
Three-nerved joe-pye-weed, Coastal plain joe pye weed, Coastal plain joe-pye weed , Coastal plain joepye weed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Salt, Wet conditions |
| Eutrochium purpureum |
Sweet-scented joe-pye-weed, Purple joe-pye weed, Sweet joepyeweed, Gravel weed, Indian sage, Motherwort, Pride of the meadow, Marsh milkweed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Fagus grandifolia |
American beech |
Large Trees |
Border, Garden for the blind, Shade garden, Shade Tree, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Streetside planting, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Salt |
| Gillenia trifoliata |
Bowman's-root, Bowman’s root, Mountain indian-physic |
Herbs |
Border, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Specimen |
|
| Hamamelis virginiana |
Witch hazel, Witchhazel |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Erosion control, Flowering tree, Fragrant garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Poor soil |
| Helenium flexuosum |
Southern sneezeweed, Purple-headed sneezeweed |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Salt, Wet conditions |
| Helianthus angustifolius |
Narrow-leaved sunflower |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds |
Poor soil, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Heliopsis helianthoides |
Oxeye, Smooth oxeye |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Erosion control, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat, Poor soil |
| Heuchera americana |
Alumroot, American alumroot, Coral bells, Rock geranium |
Herbs |
Border, Container garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Hibiscus laevis |
Halberd-leaf rose-mallow, Smooth rose-mallow, Halberdleaf hibiscus, Halberdleaf rosemallow, Scarlet rose mallow, Scarlet rosemallow |
Herbs, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Heat, Wet conditions |
| Hibiscus moscheutos |
Swamp rose mallow, Swamp rose-mallow, Crimson-eyed rose-mallow, Eastern rose-mallow |
Herbs, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Heat, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Hydrangea arborescens |
Wild hydrangea, Smooth hydrangea |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Erosion control, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Fire, Salt |
| Hydrophyllum virginianum |
Virginia waterleaf, Eastern waterleaf |
Herbs |
Border, Pollinator garden, Shade garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Hypericum prolificum |
Common st. john's-wort, Shrubby st. john's wort |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Erosion control, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Ilex verticillata |
Winterberry |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Erosion control, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest |
Salt, Wet conditions |
| Iris cristata |
Dwarf crested iris |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Shade garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Fire |
| Iris versicolor |
Northern blue flag, Larger blue flag |
Herbs |
Border, Container garden, Cutting garden, Frogs and toads, Mass planting, Meadows, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Lespedeza virginica |
Slender lespedeza, Slender bush clover, Slender bush-clover |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Liatris pilosa |
Grass-leaf blazing star, Grass-leaf gayfeather |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Liatris scariosa |
Large blazing star, Eastern blazing star |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Cutting garden, Drought tolerant garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Heat |
| Liatris spicata |
Dense blazing star, Dense gayfeather, Dense liatris, Marsh blazing star, Marsh gayfeather, Marsh liatris |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Liatris squarrosa |
Scaly blazing star |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil |
| Lilium superbum |
Turk's-cap lily |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
|
| Lobelia puberula |
Downy lobelia |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Lobelia siphilitica |
Blue cardinal flower, Great blue lobelia |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Lonicera sempervirens |
Trumpet honeysuckle, Coral honeysuckle |
Vines |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Specimen |
Allelopathic plants, Salt, Soil compaction |
| Magnolia virginiana |
Swamp magnolia, Sweetbay, Sweetbay magnolia |
Medium Trees, Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Butterfly garden, Flowering tree, Lawn, Patio, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Specimen, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Air pollution, Fire, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Maianthemum racemosum |
False solomon's plume, False solomon's seal, Eastern solomons-plume |
Herbs |
Border, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Maianthemum racemosum |
False solomon's seal, Eastern solomons-plume |
Herbs |
Border, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Matteuccia struthiopteris |
Ostrich fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Border, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Rain garden, Shade garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Wet conditions |
| Mertensia virginica |
Virginia bluebell, Virginia cowslip |
Herbs |
Border, Fragrant garden, Mass planting, Pollinator garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions |
| Mimulus ringens |
Allegheny monkeyflower, Square-stemmed monkeyflower |
Herbs |
Border, Mass planting, Rain garden, Streams, ponds, wetlands |
Wet conditions |
| Mitchella repens |
Partidge-berry |
Herbs |
Border, Low growing, Songbirds, Streetside planting, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought, Mowing, Some foot traffic |
| Monarda didyma |
Scarlet beebalm, Oswego tea |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Slope or Bank, Specimen, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Wet conditions |
| Monarda fistulosa |
Wild bergamot |
Herbs |
Bats, Border, Butterfly garden, Fragrant garden, Garden for the blind, Pollinator garden, Rain garden |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought |
| Monarda punctata |
Horse-mint, Horsemint, Spotted bee-balm |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Meadows, Nighttime Garden, Pollinator garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Poor soil, Wet conditions |
| Muhlenbergia schreberi |
Nimblewill |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Erosion control, Lawn, Mass planting, Slope or Bank, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
|
| Onoclea sensibilis |
Sensitive fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Border, Drought tolerant garden, Erosion control, Garden for the blind, Mass planting, Rain garden, Shade garden, Songbirds, Woodlands and woods edge |
Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Wet conditions |
| Opuntia humifusa |
Eastern prickly-pear, Eastern prickly-pear cactus |
Shrubs & Small Trees |
Border, Container garden, Drought tolerant garden, Edible garden, Meadows, Reptiles, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat, Salt |
| Panicum virgatum |
Switchgrass |
Grasses, Sedges & Rushes |
Border, Butterfly garden, Container garden, Cutting garden, Edible garden, Erosion control, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Rain garden, Songbirds, Streams, ponds, wetlands, Winter interest, Woodlands and woods edge |
Air pollution, Allelopathic plants, Dry soils, drought, Salt, Wet conditions |
| Passiflora incarnata |
Purple passionflower, Maypop, Maypops |
Herbs, Vines |
Border, Butterfly garden, Drought tolerant garden, Hedges, privacy screening, Mass planting, Patio, Pollinator garden, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought, Heat |
| Penstemon canescens |
Eastern gray beard-tongue, Gray beard-tongue |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Woodlands and woods edge |
Dry soils, drought |
| Penstemon digitalis |
|
|
Border, Butterfly garden, Pollinator garden, Rock garden, Slope or Bank, Songbirds |
Dry soils, drought |
| Penstemon hirsutus |
Hairy beard-tongue |
Herbs |
Border, Butterfly garden, Meadows, Pollinator garden, Slope or Bank, Walkways |
|
| Phegopteris hexagonoptera |
Broad beech fern |
Fern & Fern Allies |
Border, Mass planting, Shade garden, Woodlands and woods edge |
Heat, Wet conditions |